The first church was a mid-10th century fieldstone building. The present Brick Gothic choir was begun in 1244, and the church was consecrated in 1272. Bishop Nanker had the nave and sacristy built, which ran until 1341. The article calls it the city's first brick building and names no single architect. Peschel built the Marian Chapel from 1354 to 1365. Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach designed the Baroque Elector's Chapel, built from 1716 to 1724.
Fires in 1540 and 1759 damaged it. Karl Lüdecke rebuilt the interior and west side from 1873 to 1875. About 70 percent was damaged in the Second World War, and reconstruction ran to 1951. The two spires are 322 feet (98 m) high, restored to conical shape in 1991.
It is the seat of the Archdiocese of Wrocław and a Historic Monument of Poland since 1994.
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