Ueno Station opened on July 28, 1883. The Japanese Government Railways built the current station building after the first one was destroyed in fires caused by the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake. Excavation for its foundations uncovered bones, swords and lances from the Battle of Ueno. The article names no architect, style or materials.
In 1927 the Tokyo Underground Railway opened Japan's first subway line from the station to Asakusa. The Tōhoku Shinkansen reached Ueno in March 1985 and was extended to Tokyo in June 1991. The Ueno-Tokyo Line opened in March 2015, using little-used tracks and a new viaduct.
The station has terminal tracks inside the building and on a lower deck, and underground Shinkansen platforms. JR East and Tokyo Metro serve it, and shopping arcades surround it.
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