The article documents no builder. A legend credits Ivan the Terrible's artisans, who supposedly built it in a week. Several scholars date it to the turn of the 18th century, while others think it older. The scholar Ravil Bukharaev sees Islamic influence in the tiered tower, and the article notes that the only similar leaning towers are in Central Asia. It names no architect and mentions only masonry.
The tower was once the Kremlin's highest structure. It leaned 78 inches (198 cm) by the 1990s, and it was straightened in the 1930s and 1990s, so it no longer leans. The Imperial double-headed eagle was replaced by a red star under the Bolsheviks, and a Muslim crescent now crowns it.
Alexey Shchusev reproduced its outline in Moscow's Kazan Railway Station. The article gives no owner or visiting details.
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