Grand Master Jean Parisot de Valette funded the church, the first building of the new city. The foundation stone was laid on March 28, 1566. It was first dedicated to the Nativity of the Virgin, then to Saint Anthony the Abbot from 1617, and it is now Our Lady of Victory. The article names no architect, and it gives no dimensions. It is limestone, in Baroque style.
The apse was enlarged in 1699. Alessio Erardi painted the vault in 1716, and it was finished by 1718. The facade, sacristy and belfry were enlarged in 1752. An air raid damaged the ceiling in 1942, and a restoration took place between 2015 and 2016.
The Archdiocese of Malta administers it, and Din l-Art Ħelwa has been its guardian since 2011. It is open free and is on the National Inventory of Cultural Property.
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