The palace grew from Tehran's Safavid citadel, built in the reign of Tahmasp I, and a garden laid out by Abbas the Great. Karim Khan renovated it in the Zand era. After Agha Mohammad Khan chose Tehran as his capital, the palace was rebuilt to its current form in 1865 by Haji Ab ol Hasan Mimar Navai.
The Marble Throne terrace was built from 1747 to 1751. The Edifice of the Sun, designed by Moayer ol Mamalek, was begun in 1865 and finished in two years. Sanie ol Molk designed the Hall of Mirrors. Naser al-Din Shah designed the Abyaz Palace himself, a Neo-Baroque building completed in 1883.
Between 1925 and 1945, Reza Shah ordered much of the complex destroyed. Restoration ran from 2007 to 2021, using lime mortars, stucco and native tiles, and stainless steel replaced corroded iron beams in the Edifice of the Sun. UNESCO listed the palace in 2013.
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