A Romanesque keep was built around 1200, and the Hausmann Tower followed in the early 15th century. Arnold von Westfalen extended the castle from 1468 to 1480 in the late Gothic style. A Saxon Renaissance rebuilding followed in the mid-16th century, with no architect or dates given.
After the 1701 fire, Augustus II rebuilt much of it in Baroque style, with rooms completed from 1723 to 1729. Neo-Renaissance rebuilding followed from 1889 to 1901. Wilhelm Walther painted the Stallhof's Procession of Princes mural, 335 feet (102 m) long, on about 23,000 Meissen tiles in 1904 to 1907.
The bombing of February 13, 1945 left the castle a roofless shell. Restoration began in the 1960s and is ongoing, and the State Apartments partly reopened in September 2019. The castle houses the Green Vault, founded in 1723, the Armoury and a coin cabinet. A burglary at the Green Vault in November 2019 was reported at about $130 million.
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