King Władysław IV built it as the Villa Regia from 1637 to 1641, to a design by Giovanni Trevano. It was a rectangular Mannerist or early Baroque villa with corner towers, and it was later named for King John II Casimir. It was plundered and burned during the Swedish Deluge, rebuilt in 1652 and 1660, and destroyed by fire in 1695. Count Sułkowski rebuilt it after 1735, and Stanisław II Augustus acquired it in 1765 for the Corps of Cadets, with Domenico Merlini redesigning the interiors. A classicist rebuild followed in 1824, and the infobox calls the style Neoclassical.
World War II destroyed about half of the building.
Piotr Biegański directed the rebuild from 1945 to 1954. It has housed the University of Warsaw rectorate since 1816, and became a Historic Monument of Poland in 1994.
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