Josef Mocker made the plans for the church, built from 1888 to 1892 in Neo-Gothic style. It is a brick three-aisle basilica with a transverse nave in the shape of a cross. Two towers, each 199 feet (60.5 m) high, flank a tall gable and a sculpted portal. The interior has colored windows, paintings and sculptures by Josef Václav Myslbek, Josef Čapek and František Ženíšek.
The church was closed for Metro construction and then for reconstruction from 1974 to 1992. The southern nave was restored by December 1984. The whole church reopened on September 16, 1992, with a new altar consecrated by Cardinal Miloslav Vlk, and the bells rang again on September 3, 1993.
Pope Francis made it a minor basilica in August 2022. Christmas and Easter fairs are held in front of it.
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