The museum occupies a 15th-century Hafsid palace in the suburbs of Tunis, later used as a beylical palace. The article names no original architect or builder. Muhammad Khaznadar proposed the museum in the 1860s, and it was named the Alaoui Museum after the reigning bey, Ali III ibn al-Husayn, whom the infobox lists as founder. It has been housed in the palace since 1888.
A refurbishment interrupted by the Tunisian revolution was completed in 2012. The expansion added about 97,000 square feet (9,000 m²), designed by SCPA Codou-Hindley of France and Amira Nouira of Tunisia, with considerable funding from the World Bank.
Interiors include a domed ceiling in the mosaic hall, painted and gilded ceilings in the Althiburos and Oudna rooms, and an early Christian room with a central baptistery. The article gives different death tolls for the 2015 attack at the museum, 24 in one passage and 22 elsewhere.
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